Dynamic routing protocols are used to signal which networks are currently connected to each of the routers. Routers communicate using routing protocols. UserGate updates the kernel routing table in accordance with the information it receives from the neighboring routers. Dynamic routing does not change how the kernel performs routing at the IP layer. The kernel keeps looking up routes to hosts and networks as well as default routes in its routing table. The only thing that changes is how routes are managed in the routing table: instead of the manual method, they are added and removed dynamically. Routes are only added to the virtual router in which the RIP protocol is configured.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a distance-vector routing protocol that uses intermediate sections (hops) as a routing metric. For more details on how the RIP protocol works, see the relevant technical documentation.
To configure RIP in UserGate, follow these steps:
|
Task |
Description |
|---|---|
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Step 1. Select a virtual router. |
If there are several virtual routers, select the desired one. |
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Step 2. Enable the RIP router. |
In the UserGate console, go to the Network --> Virtual routers section, select RIP in the menu, and configure the RIP router. |
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Step 3. Specify the RIP networks. |
In the UserGate console, go to the Network --> Virtual routers section, select RIP in the menu, and specify the RIP networks for which the RIP protocol will be used. |
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Step 4. Configure the RIP interfaces. |
In the UserGate console, go to the Network --> Virtual routers section, select RIP in the menu, and configure the RIP interfaces. |
To configure an RIP router, provide the following settings:
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Name |
Description |
|---|---|
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Enabled |
Enables or disables this RIP router. |
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RIP version |
Specifies the RIP protocol version. Normally, v2 is used. |
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Default metric |
The route cost. The metric is normally equal to 1 and cannot exceed 15. |
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Administrative distance |
The cost of routes received using the RIP protocol. Default value for RIP protocol: 120. This is used for route selection when routes can be received using multiple methods (OSPF, BGP, static). |
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Default originate |
Notify other routers that this router has a default route. |
A RIP router will send routing updates only from the interfaces for which RIP networks are specified. At least one network must be specified for the protocol to work correctly. The administrator can specify the RIP network using the CIDR notation, such as 192.168.1.0/24, or select the network interface from which updates will be sent.
To configure RIP interfaces, provide these settings:
|
Name |
Description |
|---|---|
|
Interface |
Select the interface that will be used for RIP routing. Only the interfaces belonging to this virtual router are available for selection. |
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Send version |
Specify the RIP protocol version that the router will send. |
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Receive version |
Specify the RIP protocol version that the router will receive. |
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Password |
The authorization string that will be sent and received in RIP packets. All routes participating in RIP information exchange must have an identical password. |
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Split horizon |
A method of preventing routing loops where the router does not send network information via the interface on which the update was received. |
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Poison reverse |
A method of preventing routing loops where the router sets a route cost of 16 and sends it to the neighbor from which it was received. |
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Passive mode |
Sets an operating mode where the interface receives RIP updates but does not send them. |
In the route redistribution settings, you can specify which routes need to be sent to the neighbors. Redistribution can be enabled for routes received using the OSPF and BGPG dynamic routing protocols, routes directly connected to the UserGate network (connected), and static routes added by the administrator for this virtual router (kernel).